Astronomy flourished under the Gupta Empire (c. 320-550 CE) during which time Ujjain in central India emerged as a center for astronomical and mathematical research. In 499 CE, Aryabhata ...

The Mughal Empire ruled over most of modern India, Pakistan and Afghanistan in the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. In the early 16th century, a warrior prince named Babur marched east from central ...

Alexander's invasion itself left no long lasting impression on India (though he may have influenced the young Chandragupta Maurya, founder of the Mauryan Empire), but his campaigns cemented his ...